Cornwall is a city located in the province of Ontario, Canada. It serves as the seat of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry United Counties. The city lies on the north shore of the St. Lawrence River, which forms part of the border between Canada and the United States.
Geography
Cornwall has a total area of approximately 71.48 square kilometers (27.6 square miles). It is situated at the point where the St. Lawrence River widens into a broad estuary before emptying into Lake Ontario to the south, and it is part of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River drainage basin.
The city’s geography includes a mix of urban areas, riverside lands, and surrounding hills. The St. Lawrence River provides scenic views, waterfront parks, and access points for boating and fishing. Cornwall has several smaller islands along its riverfront, including Long Sault Island and the Iles-de-la-Passe.
Climate
Cornwall experiences a continental climate with cold winters and warm summers. It falls under USDA Hardiness Zone 5b, indicating that it can grow plants hardy to -20°F (-29°C). The average temperature in January, the coldest month, is around -6°C (21°F), while July’s average is about 22°C (72°F).
Demographics and Economy
As of the 2021 census, Cornwall has a population of approximately 46,000 people. This makes it one of the smaller cities in Ontario but also gives it a distinct character compared to larger metropolitan areas.
The economy of Cornwall is diverse, with major sectors including manufacturing (particularly in the automotive industry), healthcare and social services, retail trade, and tourism. Its strategic location on the St. Lawrence River, connecting Montreal and Toronto markets via waterways, has historically made it an important industrial center and transportation hub.
Attractions
Cornwall offers a variety of attractions:
- Akwesasne Mohawk Territory: Situated just across the river from Cornwall is the Akwesasne First Nation, which provides opportunities for shopping, dining, and learning about Mohawk culture.
- Bonnechere Park: A large park featuring walking trails, picnic areas, a playground, sports facilities, and access to the St. Lawrence River for fishing and boating.
- St. Lawrence Power Development: This historic hydroelectric power plant is a National Historic Site of Canada and offers tours.
- Waterfront Promenade: A scenic walkway along the river providing views of the surrounding area and nearby islands.
- Cornwall Golf Course: An 18-hole golf course suitable for players of all skill levels.
Education
Cornwall has several educational institutions:
- St. Lawrence College (Campus in Cornwall): Offers a range of programs, including apprenticeships, certificate diplomas, bachelor degrees, and graduate certificates.
- Schools: There are elementary and secondary schools within the city limits offering education from kindergarten through grade 12.
Culture
The community is characterized by its mix of French-Canadian and English-speaking residents, reflecting Cornwall’s historical ties to both cultures in the region. The local culture includes festivals celebrating this diversity and the area’s rich history, such as the Cornwall Canal Fest, Cornwall Jazz Festival, and Canada Day Celebrations.
In summary, Cornwall is a charming city with a blend of natural beauty, industrial significance, and cultural richness. Its strategic location on the St. Lawrence River connects it to significant economic centers in Canada and offers a unique blend of urban and natural landscapes for its residents and visitors alike.